Postpartum Depression

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Postpartum depression (PPD) is a type of critical depressive disorder that affects women in their post delivery. This type of disorder has deleterious effects both on the mother and her child. Normally, it surfaces within four to six several weeks after the birth of the child.  Sometimes, it takes weeks together to get noticed. There is no obvious reason behind the development of this type of disorder. Even men are prone to postnatal depressive disorders as fathers are detected with this problem within the initial year of the birth of the child.

Postpartum depression- causes:

Here is the list of causes of postpartum depression.

• Depression during pregnancy.
• Loneliness.
• Hormonal changes.
• Lack of sleep.
• Complications during the child birth.
• Worries in relationship.

Postpartum depression- symptoms:

Symptoms the affected individual may experience different kinds of problems, such as fatigue, unhappiness, decreased sexual interest, depression, stress, and irregular sleeping patterns.

• Depression leading to suicidal tendency
• Tiredness
• Unhappiness.
• Weight loss & Overweight.
• Irregular sleeping patterns.
• Sudden change in appetite level.

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)

People with Obsessive compulsive disorder do have the urge to check the things frequently. The thoughts and rituals borne out of OCD could cause distress and come in the way of one’s regular life.

The frequent upsetting thoughts are called obsessions. To try to control them, a person will feel an overwhelming urge to repeat certain rituals or behaviors called compulsions. People with OCD can’t control these obsessions and compulsions. OCD- affected patients perceive risks everywhere. They tend to repeatedly check their door locks frequently and keep the knives out of reach of child with the fear of being attacked by them. Obsessed with fear of thoughts, mothers show reluctance in performing bath to their children.

Treatment

Treatment methods for patients are subject to the severity of symptoms. The below-mentioned methods help in treating this disorder.

Psychotherapy:

While this disorder is in mild stage, psychotherapy proves to be the immediate option that can help in reframing the mind set of an individual.

Antidepressants:

Different kinds of antidepressants, such as sertraline and venlafaxine aid in treating this mental disorder.

Inhaled Asthma Medications

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An overview on Asthma

Asthma, called medically as reactive airway ailment, is a chronic lung infection that is typified by swelling and narrowing of the airways.  While the affected individual is under the spell of Asthma, the muscles surrounding the portion of airways all of a sudden get constricted due to exposure to specific triggers, such as dust particles, or even dry air.

Also, it can flare up due to allergies, chilly weather and some irritant factors at work place or any other place. Subsequently, the patient tends to produce mucus in higher quantity and gasps for breathing. Due to all these persistent effects, the individual often encounters respiratory problems, wheezing and coughing, chest stiffness.

The disease can have a significant impact on the quality of life of asthmatics and their family members. It requires the patients to take regular medication and make adjustments to their lifestyle.

Diagnostic Tests and Treatment

In reality, there is no treatment for asthma disease but with certain precautions it can be controlled. In case asthma is not treated in a right way, then it can trigger additional complications such as perennial narrowing of the airways. OMICS Publishing Group posted an article which covers Diagnostic Tests and Treatment. Methacholine inhalation tests as well as Exercise challenge tests are the twin methods that are being used in clinical laboratories to assess airway responsiveness.

Although these tests reflect the presence of asthma, still they lack preciseness in determining the seriousness of the patient’s condition. Consequently, misdiagnosis and under diagnosis of asthma continue to be potentially serious medical issues that have adverse effects on the people’s quality of life.

There exist a number of therapeutic methods to treat the symptoms of asthma and inhalers are one such therapeutic option that enlarges the airways. Different inhalers such as Combivent inhaler, Symbicort inhaler, Atrovent inhaler and Seroflo inhaler are used for stopping g bronchospasm in patients.

Metered dose inhalers (MDIs) are yet another type of inhalers that are handy in treating asthma. Through this inhaler, the needed medicine is sent directly to the lungs by way of mixing up medicine and propellents (HFA or hydrofluoroalkane).

Anti-inflammatory medicines: These are perceived to be vital in yielding positive results and these medicines have the capability to reduce swelling and mucus generation in the airways. Anti-inflammatory medicines give encouraging results such as less airway damage, fewer asthma episodes and better airflow.

OMICS Publishing Group posted a recent research concern as “Do certain asthma inhalers increase risk of irregular heartbeat?” In OMICS Group’s Blog page.

Gastroenteritis in Children

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About Gastroenteritis:

Gastroenteritis is an infection that is contagious and has its genesis in the bowels. Gastroenteritis has its incidence in infants and children. Rotavirus is said to be the root cause for gastroenteritis in Children. Generally, it tends to blow up during the period of winter. Vomiting and nausea are the immediate symptoms that are noticed in a patient. Resultantly, kids experience acute tummy pain and high fever temperature. In subsequent stages, kids develop complications of diarrhea too.  In some instances, children may face the problem of drippy nose or a sore throat.

Gastroenteritis usually stays for a period of 3-4 days.  Sometimes, it takes one week too for the poos to return to normalcy. Some parasites (germs) may induce vomiting and diarrhea in kids in addition to higher or more extended spell of fever, more serious tummy pain, and blood or mucous with the diarrhea. Occasionally, all these bacterial infections occur due to food poisoning.

Symptoms of Gastroenteritis

• Diarrhea in combination with vomiting
• Abdominal  pain
• High body temperature and severe headache

Causes of Gastroenteritis

Contaminated water and food poisoning are said to be the causes of gastroenteritis in children.

Treatment of Gastroenteritis in children

This article covers mainly two treatments for Gastroenteritis

Fluids to combat Dehydration

Consuming plenty of liquids and proper diet will help in healing the effects of gastroenteritis in children. The main thing is to avoid dehydration (low body fluid). Apart from taking water in large quantity, taking oral rehydration solutions such as sports drinks, fruit juices and consuming food that is rich in fruits and vegetables, is yet another recommended solution to stop dehydration in children. Breast milk is the right alternative to infants who suffer from gastroenteritis.

Intravenous access

When the children suffer from higher bouts of gastroenteritis, then they may be compelled to take intravenous access as the injection-based fluids transmit fast through veins.

Nosebleeds during Pregnancy

This article by OMICS Publishing Group is on nosebleeds. This post covers information about nosebleeds, how to stop nose bleeds, nosebleeds-causes, preventive methods and its medical treatments.

About Nosebleeds:

Nosebleeds are typical common in pregnancy because of hormone changes. Nosebleeds can be terrifying but provided that you don’t lose a lot of blood, there is nothing to fear about, and they can often be treated at home. The medicinal name for a nosebleed is epistaxis.

During a nosebleed, blood vessels flows from one nasal area, and sometimes from both. It can be large or mild and last from a short time to more than 10 moments. Nosebleeds can occur when you’re sleep. You might feel fluid in the back of your throat before blood comes out of your nasal area.

How to stop Nosebleed:

• Touch the smooth part of your nasal area, for 10 minutes.
• Breathe through mouth; this will strain blood down your nasal area instead of down the back of your neck.
• Stand erect, this decreases the hypertension in the blood vessels of your nose and will prevent further blood loss.
• Keep a covered ice pack on your nose

Nosebleeds-Causes:

The main causes for nose bleeding during pregnancy

• Increased blood flow
• Estrogen levels
• Cold during pregnancy
• Improve fluid consumption. The more fluids the expectant mother takes in, the less dry the nose will become thus decreasing the possibility of nosebleeds during maternity.
• While sneezing open your mouth. Closing your mouth during sneezing which place all the pressure on the nose that leads to start a nosebleed.

Preventive Measures:

Medical Treatment:

There are some serious instances to seek the physician’s advices:

• If the nosebleed is not quit. If after 20 minutes the nasal area does not stop bleeding, there could be a problem with nasal area clots. Then the mother should instantly report to the emergency room where the physicians may have to coagulate the blood vessels to quit the bleeding.
• The another instance includes a head injury, taking treatment is essential.

Bronchitis & its Treatment

Bronchitis is swelling of the bronchial tubes (bronchi), the air passages between the nasal area and the respiratory system. More particularly, bronchitis is when the lining of the bronchial tubes gets inflamed or contaminated. Individuals with bronchitis inhale less air and oxygen into their lungs. Also, people develop complications and find their airways being abundantly covered with mucus or phlegm. This article by OMICS Publishing Group discusses topics on ‘types of bronchitis’, causes of bronchitis, bronchitis identification methods and ‘bronchitis Treatment’.

Types of bronchitis:

There are two types of bronchitis. One is ‘Acute bronchitis’ and other is ‘Chronic bronchitis’.

Acute bronchitis:  This is a disease that contains common symptoms such as cold or viral infection (flu). It generally surfaces in the form of coughing with green sputum, chest pain, and high temperature. At times, the patient may experience difficulty in taking breathing.

Chronic bronchitis:  This disease is a persistent inflammatory condition in the lungs and people who suffer from this ailment find it difficult to breathe. In this stage, mucus-producing coughing stays for a period of 1 month to 3 months in two successive years.  People with chronic bronchitis face different levels of breathing difficulties. This discomfort may get aggravated during the period of winter.

Causes of Bronchitis:

Viruses, parasites, and other contaminants are the source of problem for bronchitis and these have the potential to irritate the bronchial tubes. Most frequently, all these viruses cause cold and flu. Bronchitis is actually a part of the immune reaction to guard against the infection, since additional inflammation forms in the bronchial tubes as the immune system’s activities generate mucus.

Diagnostic methods to identify bronchitis:

There are several diagnostic methods in use to identify bronchitis. If a physician observes the patient to be coughing constantly, he or she may recommend the patient to undergo chest area X-ray test.  Other than this, pulmonary lung function test is one such effective test that is done to assess the functionality of lungs and evaluate the extent of damage done to the lungs.  This test is performed with the help of a device, namely, spirometer to examine whether the patient is suffering from bronchial asthma or emphysema.

Bronchitis Treatment:

People who are affected with bronchitis may be advised to take rest, consume higher amount of liquids and inhale warm and wet air, and take over-the-counter coughing suppressors and pain relievers in order to handle signs and convenience respiration. In reality, there is no specific treatment available to treat bronchitis. However, in most of the cases of bronchitis, the disease can be cured without any need of taking medical treatment.

Influenza & its Treatment

Influenza, also referred to as the Flu, is a very infected illness that can strike the kids or adults of any age.  It occurs more often during the wintertime because the people come into close contact with one another around the same time. It contracts easily from person-to-person through coughing and sneezing.

Every year, in excess of 200,000 individuals in the United States are prone to Flue and get admitted to the hospital. Resultantly, serious sickness is widely prevalent in the young, seniors, pregnant women. Besides, Flu has the potential to impact the individuals in adverse ways as they develop other health issues, such as bronchial asthma, lung disease.

There have been several extensive Flu breakouts (called pandemics), which lead to the incidences of individuals being affected with Flu globally. These breakouts happened when new strains of Flu viruses established and individuals became contaminated.

Factors for Influenza:

• The virus endures for a long period in the indoors in winter season because the comparative moisture of indoor air is very low in evaluation to the outside air.
• The virus may stay in the air for a prolonged period of time and it contaminates the whole atmosphere quickly.

Possible Complications of Flu :

• Bronchitis
• Sinus infections
• Ear infections

Testing Procedures

People who are hit with the Flu may want to consult a physician. Those who are at risky for flu problems may also want to see a physician if they get the flu.

When scores of people at a place are troubled by Flu, a physician makes a quick analysis after analyzing the signs of Flu. No further examination is required. There is a test to identify this ailment. It is done by swabbing the nose and neck. The results of this analysis are available in a quick period of time. Sometimes, this test can help the physician suggest the best therapy.

Best Prevention Methods:

• Avoid sharing food, glasses, or containers with others.
• Protect your coughing with cells and throw away after use. Use it often during the day and always after touching your face.
• Cough into  sleeve, if a tissue is not available.
• Avoid touching nose and mouth.

Ancient Diseases and Preventive Measures

OMICS makes available scientific literature at free of cost. We endeavor to ensure that the research taken up on ‘Ancient Diseases’ comprises of facts and well-informative too. Also, the OMICS Group has put in place a reward program that accords scientific credits to well-known scientists. All the articles are peer-reviewed from various disciplines.

With the intent to make improvement to the quality of life for individuals, communities, and nations, the OMICS digs deeper into the science by preparing a list of the ancient diseases and the preventive measures thereby to overcome the former. The new article on ‘Ancient Diseases and Preventive Measures’ is aimed at deepening the understanding of our readers on the aspects of ancient diseases and the steps to combat such diseases.  

Genetic Diseases: The sole preventable measure is to stop the parents from bearing children. Sometimes, mere one parent is required to fulfill this condition such as diabetes and other times both will have to carry the gene.

Airborne Diseases: There are airborne ailments for which the lone preventable step is to put on a mask (but their life is mere 8 hours), or to exist in a bubble.

Fluid-borne Diseases: These diseases are contracted when an individual kisses the other one with a latent virus.

Hepatitis A Disease: It is a classic case which sets in during the period of consumption of contaminated water/food items (eating flesh bacteria) and engaging in sexual activities (Chlamydia, Hiv etc).  The best way to deal with this by stopping sex once for all. Using condoms is yet another safe method as they are in 99.99% cases very effective. 

Coming into contact with an open injury, cold weather can also result in an individual being afflicted with Hepatitis A ailment. The ideal way to combat this disease is to clean up one’s hands and take enough care of open injuries.

Hemorrhoids: This is one of the ancient diseases that have plagued humankind consistently. Though the precise cause of this disease is unknown, several contributing factors such as spending considerable period of time in the toilet, aging, heredity, upright posture of humans, constipation and chronic diarrhea are said to be the sources of this disease.

Keeping away from constipation is said to be the key in dealing with this disease. The other way to come out of this scourging disease is to enhance the intake of fiber supplementation and using local ointments.

In a majority of cases, people are protected by immune systems. In case, the body is protected against sickness still it will ultimately overreact to risk-free things such dust, pollen and pet hair.